A Topology Generator and Evolutionary Routing Algorithm for Random Deployment of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new development of wireless network technology. WSN consists of many wireless devices cooperating with one or more sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions. Each node has several constraints on resources such as energy, computational cost and wireless bandwidth. Therefore, it is not a good strategy for always sending packets to the sink node of the network by the shorter path because it will exhaust the limited resources of the nodes lying on those paths. Moreover, wireless links in WSN are also fragile; the topology of the network might be changed due to communication failures. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an algorithm that can automatic construct the WSN topology, and route the packets with energy-efficient under limited energy and bandwidth. In this work, we present a topology generator and an evolutionary routing algorithm to dynamically manage a given WSN. The proposed algorithm was applied to several virtual WSNs with differential WSN topologies. The performance evaluation of the proposed algorithm in terms of load-balancing and fault-tolerance are also demonstrated.